On the other hand, because the BWR operates at lower pressure, its pressure vessel is thinner than the pressure vessel of a PWR. Furthermore, because the BWR’s power density is somewhat lower than that of the PWR, the pressure vessel must be built to a larger diameter for the same reactor power. The direct-cycle philosophy of a BWR design reduces heat loss between the core and the steam turbine, but the BWR operates at lower pressures and temperatures than the PWR, giving it less thermodynamic efficiency. In fact, the steam generators of a PWR-there are typically four of them in a big plant-are larger than the reactor vessel itself. On the other hand, even though the internals of the PWR are simpler, a BWR power plant is smaller, because it has no steam generators. Furthermore, the BWR vessel’s internal system is more complex, since it includes internal recirculation pumps and complex steam separation and drying equipment that are not found in a PWR design. For instance, although there are fewer mechanical components in the steam cycle of a BWR design, additional components are required to support the reactor’s emergency core-cooling system. Advantages and disadvantagesĮach LWR design has its own advantages and disadvantages, and as a result, a competitive economic market has existed between the BWR and PWR concepts since the 1960s. The superheated water vapour is then used as the working fluid to turn the steam turbine. The saturated steam that exits the core region is transported through a series of separators and dryers located within the reactor vessel that promote a superheated state. Water passing through the core is allowed to boil at an intermediate pressure level. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!Ī BWR operates on the principle of a direct power cycle.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.
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